Sedaxylan vet.

1 x 25 ml

Liquid for injection, solution

Active substance

Xylazine (Xylazin hydrochloride) : 20 mg/ml

ATC code

QN05CM92 Xylazine

QN05CM Other hypnotics and sedatives

QN05C Hypnotics and sedatives

QN05 Psycholeptics

QN Nervous system

Species

Dogs, cats, horses and cattle.

Indications

Sedation of dogs, cats, horses and cattle.

Dose to be administered and administration route

This product is intended for single intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous injection dependent upon the species in which it is to be used. The individual response to xylazine is somewhat varied (as with other sedatives), and depends partly on the dosage, the age of the patient, temperament of the patient, the surroundings (stress) and general condition (diseases, fat percentage, etc.). Doses also depend on the desired degree of sedation. Generally time to onset of sedation and recovery will take longer after intramuscular or subcutaneous injection at the recommended dosages than after intravenous injection. First effects are usually seen within 2 minutes following intravenous injection and within 5 to 10 minutes after intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. The maximum effect is seen 10 minutes later. It is generally seen that an increase in dose will lead to an increase in the level of sedation, until a maximum level is attained. Increasing the dosage beyond this point will lead to increase of the duration of the sedation. Recovery in calves may be prolonged after administration of 1.5 x the recommended dose. If the required depth of sedation is not achieved it is unlikely that repetition of the dose will prove more effective. In that case it is advisable to allow complete recovery repeating the procedure with a higher dose after 24 hours.

Accurately ascertain the body weight of an animal before treatment with xylazine. Use a syringe with appropriate gradations.

Dogs:	1.0 - 2.0	mg per kg body weight intramuscularly or subcutaneously
	0.5 – 1.0	ml injection solution/10 kg body weight IM or SC
	0.7 - 1.0	mg per kg body weight intravenously.
	0.35 – 0.5	ml injection solution/10 kg body weight IV

Cats:	0.5 - 1.0	mg per kg body weight intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
	0.125 – 0.25	ml injection solution/ 5 kg body weight IM or SC

Horses:	0.5 - 1.0	mg per kg body weight intravenously.
	2.5 – 5.0	ml injection solution/100 kg body weight IV

Cattle:	0.05 – 0.20	mg per kg body weight intramuscularly or
	0.25 – 1.0	ml injection solution/100 kg body weight IM
	0.03 – 0.10	mg per kg body weight intravenously.
	0.15 – 0.5	ml injection solution/100 kg body weight IV

The intravenous injection should be given slowly, especially in horses.

Adverse reactions

In general, side effects, typical for an α2-adrenergic agonist, like bradycardia, reversible arrhythmia and hypotension can occur. Thermoregulation can be influenced and consequently body temperature can decrease or increase dependant on the ambient temperature. Depression of respiration and / or respiratory arrest can occur, especially in cats.

Dogs and cats

• Dogs and cats frequently vomit during the onset of the xylazine-induced sedation, especially when the animals have just been fed.

• Animals may show profound salivation following an injection with xylazine.

• Other adverse effects for dogs and cats include: muscle tremors, bradycardia with AV-block, hypotension, reduced respiratory rate, movement in response to strong auditory stimuli, and increased urination in cats.

• In cats xylazine causes uterine contractions and it may induce premature parturition.

• In dogs, adverse effects are generally more pronounced after subcutaneous administration compared to intramuscular and the effect (efficacy) can be less predictable.

Horses

• Horses often sweat as the effects of the sedation are wearing off.

• Severe bradycardia and reduced respiratory rate have been reported especially in horses.

• More frequent urination has been reported

• Muscle tremors and movement in response to sharp auditory or physical stimuli are possible. Although rare, violent reactions have been reported in horses following the administration of xylazine.

• Ataxia and reversible prolapse of the penis may occur.

• In very rare cases xylazine may induce mild colic as the gut motility is depressed temporarily. As a preventive measure the horse should receive no feed after sedation until the effect has faded completely.

Cattle

• In cattle xylazine may induce premature parturition, and it also reduces implantation of the ovum.

• Cattle, which have received high doses of xylazine sometimes suffer from loose faeces for 24 hours afterwards.

• Other adverse reactions include profound salivation, ruminal atony, atony of the tongue, regurgitation, bloating, hypothermia, bradycardia, increased urination and reversible prolapse of the penis.

• In cattle, adverse effects are generally more pronounced after intramuscular administration compared to intravenous