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Active substance
ATC code
Species
Horse, dog, cat
Indications
As an analgesic
For the short term relief of pain such as colic of gastrointestinal tract origin.
As a sedative and pre-anaestheticIn combination with α2-adrenoceptor agonists (detomidine, romifidine, xylazine): For therapeutic and diagnostic procedures such as minor standing surgery and sedation of intractable patients.
DOG/CATAs an analgesicFor relief of moderate visceral pain e.g. pre- and post-surgical as well as post-traumatic pain.
As a sedative
In combination with α2--adrenoceptor agonists (medetomidine).
As a pre-anaestheticPart of anaesthetic regime (medetomidine, ketamine).
Dose to be administered and administration route
Horse:Intravenous use
Dog: Intravenous, subcutaneous and intramuscular use
Cat: Intravenous and subcutaneous use
HORSE
As an analgesic
Monotherapy:
0.1 mg/kg (1 ml/100 kg bw) IV.
As a sedative and as a pre-anaesthetic
With detomidine:
Detomidine: 0.012 mg/kg IV, followed within 5 minutes by Butorphanol: 0.025 mg/kg (0.25 ml /100 kg bw) IV.
With romifidine:
Romifidine: 0.05 mg/kg IV, followed within 5 minutes by Butorphanol: 0.02 mg/kg (0.2 ml /100 kg bw) IV.
With xylazine:
Xylazine: 0.5 mg/kg IV, followed after 3 - 5 minutes by Butorphanol: 0.05 – 0.1 mg/kg (0.5 - 1 ml /100 kg bw) IV.
DOG
As an analgesic
Monotherapy:
0.1 - 0.4 mg/kg (0.01 – 0.04 ml/kg bw) slowly IV (in the lower to medium dose range) as well as IM, SC.
For post-operative pain control the injection should be administered 15 minutes before the end of anaesthesia in order to achieve sufficient pain relief during the recovery phase.
As a sedative
With medetomidine:
Butorphanol: 0.1 mg/kg (0.01 ml/kg bw) IV, IM Medetomidine: 0.01 mg/kg IV, IM.
As a pre-anaesthetic
With medetomidine and ketamine:
Butorphanol: 0.1 mg/kg (0.01 ml/kg bw) IM
Medetomidine: 0.025 mg/kg IM, followed after 15 minutes by Ketamine: 5 mg/kg IM.
It is only possible to use atipamezole 0.1 mg/kg body weight for medetomidineantagonisation when ketamine action has ceased.
CAT
As an analgesic
Monotherapy:
15 minutes prior to recovery either: 0.4 mg/kg (0.04 ml/kg bw) SC or: 0.1 mg/kg (0.01 ml/kg bw) IV
As a sedative
With medetomidine:
Butorphanol: 0.4 mg/kg (0.04 ml/ kg bw) SC Medetomidine: 0.05 mg/kg SC.
For wound debridement an additional local anaesthesia is recommended.
Medetomidine-antagonisation is possible with atipamezole 0.125 mg/kg body weight.
As a pre-anaesthetic
With medetomidine and ketamine:
Butorphanol: 0.1 mg/kg (0.01 ml/ kg bw) IV
Medetomidine: 0.04 mg/kg IV Ketamine: 1.5 mg/kg IV.
It is only possible to use atipamezole 0.1 mg/kg body weight for medetomidine– antagonisation when ketamine action has ceased.
Butorphanol is intended for use where short (horse and dog) and short to medium (cat) analgesia is required. The dose may be repeated as required. The need for and timing of repeated treatment will be based on clinical response. For information on the duration of analgesia see section 5.1.
Rapid intravenous injection should be avoided.
The stopper must not be punctured more than 25 times.
Adverse reactions
Undesirable effects are generally related to the known activity of opioids. In published trials with butorphanol, transient ataxia, lasting about 3 to 15 minutes, occurred in about 20 % of horses. Mild sedation occurred in about 10 % of horses. Increased motor activity (running movements) is possible. Gastrointestinal motility may be reduced. This effect is mild and transient.
For combination use:
Any reduction of gastrointestinal motility caused by butorphanol may be enhanced by the concomitant use of α2--agonists. The respiratory depressive effects of α2-agonists may be enhanced by concomitant butorphanol, particularly if respiratory function is already impaired. Other undesirable effects (e.g.cardiovascular) are likely to be related to the α2--agonist.
DOG/CATDepression of the respiratory and cardiovascular system. Local pain associated with intramuscular administration. Decreased gastrointestinal motility. In rare cases, ataxia, anorexia and diarrhoea. In cats excitation or sedation, anxiety, disorientation, dysphoria and mydriasis are possible.
The frequency of adverse reactions is defined using the following convention:
- very common (more than 1 in 10 animals treated displaying adverse reaction(s))
- common (more than 1 but less than 10 animals in 100 animals treated)
- uncommon (more than 1 but less than 10 animals in 1,000 animals treated)
- rare (more than 1 but less than 10 animals in 10,000 animals treated)
- very rare (less than 1 animal in 10,000 animals treated, including isolated reports).
Dispensing
POM-V
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| Art. Nr. | 57446/5006 |
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